Key words to know
GUT MICROBIOTA
The community of microbes that lives in the
human gastrointestinal tract. This item includes
bacteria, archaea, eukarya, and their viruses.
GUT MICROBIOME
The combined population of genomes and
genes present in the gut microbiota.
DYSBIOSIS
This is a concept that was coined by the
biologist and “father of natural immunity”, Elie
Metchnikoff, to describe a state of microbial
imbalance in the human gut. Dysbiosis
implies a change in the structural or functional
composition of the microbiota that result in a
disruption in health and homeostasis.
PREBIOTIC
These are foods for your probiotics or beneficial
bacteria. Prebiotics typically consist of a non-
digestible food ingredient that beneficially
affects the host by selectively stimulating the
growth or activity of one or a limited number of
bacteria in the colon.
Categories of prebiotic foods include:
- fructooligosaccharides (FOS)
- lactulose
- galactooligosaccharides (GOS)
PROBIOTIC
A live microorganism that supplies benefit to
the host when ingested, either directly through
interactions with host cells or indirectly through
effects on members of the intestinal bacterial
population.
EXAMPLES OF PREBIOTIC FOODS INCLUDE:
- onions
- Jerusalem artichoke
- dandelion leaves
- asparagus
- leek
- garlic
- globe artichoke
- banana
- chicory
- burdock
- yacon
EXAMPLES OF PROBIOTIC FOODS INCLUDE:
- yogurt
- kefir
- kimchi
- sauerkraut
- other fermented vegetables
- tempeh
- miso
- sourdough (go gluten-free!)
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